# TÍCH VÔ HƯỚNG CỦA HAI VECTƠ

1.Góc giữa hai vectơ

Cho 2 vecto $\overrightarrow {a\,} \& \overrightarrow b$ đều khác 0. Từ 1 điểm O nào đó vẽ $\overrightarrow {OA} = \overrightarrow {a\,} \& \overrightarrow {OB} = \overrightarrow b$
- Số đo của góc AOB được gọi là số đo của góc giữa $\overrightarrow a$ và $\overrightarrow b$, hoặc đơn giản là góc giữa hai vectơ$\overrightarrow a$ và $\overrightarrow b$
- Nếu $\left( {\overrightarrow a ,\overrightarrow b } \right) = {90^ \circ }$ thì ta nói rằng hai vectơ $\overrightarrow a$ và $\overrightarrow b$ vuông góc với nhau, kí hiệu là $\overrightarrow a \bot \overrightarrow b$.
2. Định nghĩa tích vô hướng cả hai vectơ
Tích vô hướng của hai vectơ $\overrightarrow a$ và $\overrightarrow b$ là một số, kí hiệu $\overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow b$, được xác định bởi
$\overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow b = \left| {\overrightarrow a } \right|.\left| {\overrightarrow b } \right|c{\text{os}}\left( {\overrightarrow a ,\overrightarrow b } \right)$
Ví dụ:
Cho tam giác đều ABC có cạnh a và trọng tâm G .Tính các tích vô hướng sau
$\begin{gathered} \overrightarrow {AB} .\overrightarrow {AC} ;\,\,\overrightarrow {AC} .\overrightarrow {CB} \,\,;\,\,\,\overrightarrow {AG} .\overrightarrow {AB} \\ \overrightarrow {GB} .\overrightarrow {GC} ;\,\,\,\overrightarrow {BG} .\overrightarrow {GA} \,;\,\,\,\,\overrightarrow {GA} .\overrightarrow {BC} \\ \end{gathered}$
Giải.

Theo định nghĩa ta có
$\begin{gathered} \overrightarrow {AB} .\overrightarrow {AC} \, = \,a.a.c{\text{os}}{60^0} = \frac{1}{2}{a^2} \\ \overrightarrow {AC} .\overrightarrow {CB} \, = \,a.a.c{\text{os12}}{{\text{0}}^0} = - \frac{1}{2}{a^2} \\ \overrightarrow {AG} .\overrightarrow {AB} = \,a\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3}.a.c{\text{os3}}{0^0} = {a^2}\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3}.\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3} = \frac{1}{2}{a^2}; \\ \overrightarrow {GB} .\overrightarrow {GC} = a\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3}.a\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3}.c{\text{os12}}{{\text{0}}^0} = \frac{{{a^2}}}{6};\,\,\, \\ \overrightarrow {BG} .\overrightarrow {GA} \, = a\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3}.a\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3}.c{\text{os6}}{{\text{0}}^0} = \frac{{{a^2}}}{6};\, \\ \overrightarrow {GA} .\overrightarrow {BC} = a\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3}.a.c{\text{os9}}{{\text{0}}^0} = 0;\, \\ \end{gathered}$
Bình phương vô hướng
Bình phương vô hương của một vectơ bằng bình phương độ dài của vectơ đó
3. Tính chất của tính vô hướng
Định lí
Với ba vectơ$\overrightarrow a$,$\overrightarrow b$, $\overrightarrow c$tuỳ ý và mọi  số thưc k ,ta có
1)$\overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow b = \overrightarrow b .\overrightarrow a$            (tính chất giao hoán);
2)$\overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow b = 0 \Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow a \bot \overrightarrow b$
3)$(k\overrightarrow a ).\overrightarrow b = \overrightarrow a .(k\overrightarrow b ) = k(\overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow b );$
4) $\overrightarrow a .(\overrightarrow b + \overrightarrow c ) = \overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow b + \overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow c$          (tính chất phân phối đối với phép cộng);
$\overrightarrow a .(\overrightarrow b - \overrightarrow c ) = \overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow b - \overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow c$    (tính chất phân phối đối với phép trừ);
Bài toán 1: Cho tứ giác ABCD
a, Chứng minh rằng
$A{B^2} + C{D^2} = B{C^2} + A{D^2} + 2\overrightarrow {CA} .\overrightarrow {BD}$
b, Từ câu a), hãy chứng minh rằng: Điều kiện cần và đủ để tứ giác có hai đường thẳng chéo vuông góc là tổng bình phương các cặp cạnh đối diện bằng nhau.
Giải

a, Ta có
$\begin{gathered} A{B^2} + C{D^2} - B{C^2} - A{D^2} \\ = {(\overrightarrow {CB} - \overrightarrow {CA} )^2} + C{D^2} - C{B^2} - {(\overrightarrow {CD} - \overrightarrow {CA} )^2} \\ = \,\, - 2\overrightarrow {CB} .\overrightarrow {CA} \,\, + 2\overrightarrow {CD} .\overrightarrow {CA} \\ = 2\overrightarrow {CA} .(\overrightarrow {CD} - \overrightarrow {CB} ) = 2\overrightarrow {CA} .\overrightarrow {BD} \\ \end{gathered}$
Từ đó suy ra điều phải chứng minh
b, Từ a ta có ngay
$CA \bot BD \Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow {CA} .\overrightarrow {BD} \Leftrightarrow A{B^2} + C{D^2} = B{C^2} + A{D^2}$
CHÚ Ý
1)Cho 2 vecto $\overrightarrow {OA} ,\overrightarrow {OB}$. Gọi B’ là hình chiếu của B trên đường thằng OA. Khi đó:
- Vecto $\overrightarrow {OB'}$gọi là hình chiếu của vecto $\overrightarrow {OB}$ trên đường thằng OA
- Công thức $\overrightarrow {OA} .\overrightarrow {OB} = \overrightarrow {OA} .\overrightarrow {OB'}$ gọi là công thức hình chiếu

2)    Cho đường tròn (O;R) và điểm M cố định. Một đường thẳng thay đổi đi qua M, cắt đường tròn đó tại 2 điểm A và B.

Khi đó, giá trị không đổi $\overrightarrow {MA} .\overrightarrow {MB} = {d^2} - {R^2}\,\,\,\,(d = MO)$ gọi là phương tích của điểm M đối với đường tròn (O) và kí hiệu là ${(P)_{M/(O)}}$
${(P)_{M/(O)}} = \overrightarrow {MA} .\overrightarrow {MB} = {d^2} - {R^2}(d = MO)$
3) Khi điểm M nằm ngoài đường tròn (O), MT là tiếp tuyến của đường tròn đó ( T là tiếp điểm) thì
${(P)_{M/(O)}} = {\overrightarrow {MT} ^2} = M{T^2}$
4. Biểu thức tọa độ của tích vô hướng
Các hệ thức quan trọng
Cho hai vectơ $\overrightarrow b = \left( {x';y'} \right)$và $\overrightarrow b = \left( {x';y'} \right)$
1)$\overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow b = xx' + yy'$
2) $\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right| = \sqrt {{x^2} + {y^2}}$
3) $c{\text{os}}(\overrightarrow a ,\overrightarrow b ) = \frac{{xx' + yy'}}{{\sqrt {{x^2} + {y^2}} \sqrt {{x^{'2}} + y{'^2}} }}\,\,\,\,\,(\overrightarrow a \ne 0,\overrightarrow b \ne 0)$
Đặc biệt:  $\overrightarrow a \bot \overrightarrow b \Leftrightarrow xx' + yy' = 0$
HỆ QUẢ
Trong mặt phẳng toạ độ, khoảng cách giữa hai điểm $M({x_M};{y_M})$ và $N({x_N};{y_N})$ là
$MN = \left| {\overrightarrow {MN} } \right| = \sqrt {{{({x_N} - {x_M})}^2} + {{({y_N} - {y_M})}^2}}$

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• Mạcc Anhh: The development of genetically modified (GM) pants and animals had led to a huge minimal. Opponents that GM-Frankenfoods threat to our well-being, and proponents say that the risks are is say are a shirt these days here is one aspect of the war over GM that is often overlooked. Anyone who wears a cotton crop Cotton is the only major non-food GM crop at present. but others are coming If GM GM cotton plants that is not food has not stomed the most passionate GM ts from objecting. sing a GM on is in field next to fields of non-GM conon, they argue, then how to keep genes from being trans grown a health hazards in food. so rom ield to ticiu. his danger, however, is not as connemne to the public as possible ere is fury GM eotton pesticides. Planting of GM cotton no great over the need for GM Fumers GM cotton seeds produce higher yields, and they do without hairin China, is now has increased fivefold since 1997: three quarter of cotton in America, and over like it because it increases their profits. colors or scents, tougher other options for non-food GM include new vancty of nowers with different another grasses for lawns, and plants designed to soak up pollutants from the soil. The paper industry provides is and a example of potential for GM to help produce better and cheaper products. Paper is made from pulp, and pulp generally made from trees. Researchers in New Zealand and Chile have been working on insect-resistant pines, Japanese firm has combined carrot genes with tree genes to make them better in poor soil. grow Another interesting case is that of tobacco. It is not food crop, but it is consumed, and GM tobacco plants with both more and less nicotine have been ereated. The tobacco plant, however, is an ideal target for GM, since its genetics are very well understood and it produces a lot of leaves. The of the drugs that could be produced by value GM tobacco is so high, many farmers could from growing tobacco for cigarettes to growing it for medicine- Since medical cost is rising. consumers would also be happy to use drugs produced in bulk by GM tobacco. 9/27/2016 12:18:51 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The development of genetically modified (GM) pants and animals had led to a huge minimal. Opponents that GM-Frankenfoods threat to our well-being, and proponents say that the risks are is say are a shirt these days here is one aspect of the war over GM that is often overlooked. Anyone who wears a cotton crop Cotton is the only major non-food GM crop at present. but others are coming If GM GM cotton plants that is not food has not stomed the most passionate GM ts from objecting. sing a GM on is in field next to fields of non-GM conon, they argue, then how to keep genes from being trans grown a health hazards in food. so rom ield to ticiu. his danger, however, is not as connemne to the public as possible ere is fury GM eotton pesticides. Planting of GM cotton no great over the need for GM Fumers GM cotton seeds produce higher yields, and they do without hairin China, is now has increased fivefold since 1997: three quarter of cotton in America, and over like it because it increases their profits. colors or scents, tougher other options for non-food GM include new vancty of nowers with different another grasses for lawns, and plants designed to soak up pollutants from the soil. The paper industry provides is and a example of potential for GM to help produce better and cheaper products. Paper is made from pulp, and pulp generally made from trees. Researchers in New Zealand and Chile have been working on insect-resistant pines, Japanese firm has combined carrot genes with tree genes to make them better in poor soil. grow Another interesting case is that of tobacco. It is not food crop, but it is consumed, and GM tobacco plants with both more and less nicotine have been ereated. The tobacco plant, however, is an ideal target for GM, since its genetics are very well understood and it produces a lot of leaves. The of the drugs that could be produced by value GM tobacco is so high, many farmers could from growing tobacco for cigarettes to growing it for medicine- Since medical cost is rising. consumers would also be happy to use drugs produced in bulk by GM tobacco. 9/27/2016 12:18:54 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The development of genetically modified (GM) pants and animals had led to a huge minimal. Opponents that GM-Frankenfoods threat to our well-being, and proponents say that the risks are is say are a shirt these days here is one aspect of the war over GM that is often overlooked. Anyone who wears a cotton crop Cotton is the only major non-food GM crop at present. but others are coming If GM GM cotton plants that is not food has not stomed the most passionate GM ts from objecting. sing a GM on is in field next to fields of non-GM conon, they argue, then how to keep genes from being trans grown a health hazards in food. so rom ield to ticiu. his danger, however, is not as connemne to the public as possible ere is fury GM eotton pesticides. Planting of GM cotton no great over the need for GM Fumers GM cotton seeds produce higher yields, and they do without hairin China, is now has increased fivefold since 1997: three quarter of cotton in America, and over like it because it increases their profits. colors or scents, tougher other options for non-food GM include new vancty of nowers with different another grasses for lawns, and plants designed to soak up pollutants from the soil. The paper industry provides is and a example of potential for GM to help produce better and cheaper products. Paper is made from pulp, and pulp generally made from trees. Researchers in New Zealand and Chile have been working on insect-resistant pines, Japanese firm has combined carrot genes with tree genes to make them better in poor soil. grow Another interesting case is that of tobacco. It is not food crop, but it is consumed, and GM tobacco plants with both more and less nicotine have been ereated. The tobacco plant, however, is an ideal target for GM, since its genetics are very well understood and it produces a lot of leaves. The of the drugs that could be produced by value GM tobacco is so high, many farmers could from growing tobacco for cigarettes to growing it for medicine- Since medical cost is rising. consumers would also be happy to use drugs produced in bulk by GM tobacco. 9/27/2016 12:18:57 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The development of genetically modified (GM) pants and animals had led to a huge minimal. Opponents that GM-Frankenfoods threat to our well-being, and proponents say that the risks are is say are a shirt these days here is one aspect of the war over GM that is often overlooked. Anyone who wears a cotton crop Cotton is the only major non-food GM crop at present. but others are coming If GM GM cotton plants that is not food has not stomed the most passionate GM ts from objecting. sing a GM on is in field next to fields of non-GM conon, they argue, then how to keep genes from being trans grown a health hazards in food. so rom ield to ticiu. his danger, however, is not as connemne to the public as possible ere is fury GM eotton pesticides. Planting of GM cotton no great over the need for GM Fumers GM cotton seeds produce higher yields, and they do without hairin China, is now has increased fivefold since 1997: three quarter of cotton in America, and over like it because it increases their profits. colors or scents, tougher other options for non-food GM include new vancty of nowers with different another grasses for lawns, and plants designed to soak up pollutants from the soil. The paper industry provides is and a example of potential for GM to help produce better and cheaper products. Paper is made from pulp, and pulp generally made from trees. Researchers in New Zealand and Chile have been working on insect-resistant pines, Japanese firm has combined carrot genes with tree genes to make them better in poor soil. grow Another interesting case is that of tobacco. It is not food crop, but it is consumed, and GM tobacco plants with both more and less nicotine have been ereated. The tobacco plant, however, is an ideal target for GM, since its genetics are very well understood and it produces a lot of leaves. The of the drugs that could be produced by value GM tobacco is so high, many farmers could from growing tobacco for cigarettes to growing it for medicine- Since medical cost is rising. consumers would also be happy to use drugs produced in bulk by GM tobacco. 9/27/2016 12:19:00 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The development of genetically modified (GM) pants and animals had led to a huge minimal. Opponents that GM-Frankenfoods threat to our well-being, and proponents say that the risks are is say are a shirt these days here is one aspect of the war over GM that is often overlooked. Anyone who wears a cotton crop Cotton is the only major non-food GM crop at present. but others are coming If GM GM cotton plants that is not food has not stomed the most passionate GM ts from objecting. sing a GM on is in field next to fields of non-GM conon, they argue, then how to keep genes from being trans grown a health hazards in food. so rom ield to ticiu. his danger, however, is not as connemne to the public as possible ere is fury GM eotton pesticides. Planting of GM cotton no great over the need for GM Fumers GM cotton seeds produce higher yields, and they do without hairin China, is now has increased fivefold since 1997: three quarter of cotton in America, and over like it because it increases their profits. colors or scents, tougher other options for non-food GM include new vancty of nowers with different another grasses for lawns, and plants designed to soak up pollutants from the soil. The paper industry provides is and a example of potential for GM to help produce better and cheaper products. Paper is made from pulp, and pulp generally made from trees. Researchers in New Zealand and Chile have been working on insect-resistant pines, Japanese firm has combined carrot genes with tree genes to make them better in poor soil. grow Another interesting case is that of tobacco. It is not food crop, but it is consumed, and GM tobacco plants with both more and less nicotine have been ereated. The tobacco plant, however, is an ideal target for GM, since its genetics are very well understood and it produces a lot of leaves. The of the drugs that could be produced by value GM tobacco is so high, many farmers could from growing tobacco for cigarettes to growing it for medicine- Since medical cost is rising. consumers would also be happy to use drugs produced in bulk by GM tobacco. 9/27/2016 12:19:01 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:06 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:08 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:09 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:11 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:13 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:15 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:18 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:20 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:22 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:24 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:25 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:28 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:30 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:32 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:34 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:35 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:20:38 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:02 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:03 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:06 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:08 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:10 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:12 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:14 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:16 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:19 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:21 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:23 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:25 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:27 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:28 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:30 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:32 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately, There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment. In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply. By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used “nội dung được trích dẫn từ 123doc.vn - cộng đồng mua bán chia sẻ tài liệu hàng đầu Việt Nam” 9/27/2016 12:21:35 AM
• Mạcc Anhh: Galaxies are not evenly distributed throughout the universe. A few are found alone, but almost all are grouped in formations termed galactic clusters. These formations should not be confused with stellar clusters, globular clusters of stars that exist within a galaxy. The size of galactic clusters varies enormously, with some clusters containing only a dozen or so members and others containing as many as 10,000. Moreover, galactic clusters themselves are part of larger clusters of clusters, termed superclusters. It is surmised that even clusters of superclusters are possible. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, is part of a galactic cluster called the Local Group, which has twenty members and is typical in terms of the types of galaxies it contains. There are three large spiral galaxies: Andromeda, the largest galaxy in the group; the Milky Way, the second-largest galaxy; and the Trianglum Spiral, the third largest. There are also four medium-sized spiral galaxies, including the Large Cloud of Magellan and the Small Cloud of Magellan. There are four regular elliptical galaxies; the remainders are dwarf ellipticals. Other than our own galaxy, only Andromeda and the Clouds of Magellan can be seen with the naked eye, and the Clouds are visible only from the Southern Hemisphere. In the vicinity of the Local Group are several clusters, each containing around twelve members. The nearest cluster rich in members is the Virgo Cluster, which contains thousands of galaxies of all types. Like most large clusters, it emits X-rays. The Local Group, the small neighboring clusters, and the Virgo Cluster form part of a much larger cluster of clusters – the Local Supercluster. The existence of galactic clusters presented a riddle to scientists for many years – the “missing mass” problem. Clusters are presumably held together by the gravity generated by their members. However, measurements showed that the galaxies did not have enough mass to explain their apparent stability. Why didn’t these clusters disintegrate? It is now thought that galaxies contain great amounts of “dark matter”, which cannot be directly observed but which generates gravitational pull. This matter includes gas, dust, burnt-out stars, and even black holes. 9/27/2016 12:16:52 AM Mạcc Anhh: The development of genetically modified (GM) pants and animals had led to a huge minimal. Opponents that GM-Frankenfoods threat to our well-being, and proponents say that the risks are is say are a shirt these days here is one aspect of the war over GM that is often overlooked. Anyone who wears a cotton crop Cotton is the only major non-food GM crop at present. but others are coming If GM GM cotton plants that is not food has not stomed the most passionate GM ts from objecting. sing a GM on is in field next to fields of non-GM conon, they argue, then how to keep genes from being trans grown a health hazards in food. so rom ield to ticiu. his danger, however, is not as connemne to the public as possible ere is fury GM eotton pesticides. Planting of GM cotton no great over the need for GM Fumers GM cotton seeds produce higher yields, and they do without hairin China, is now has increased fivefold since 1997: three quarter of cotton in America, and over like it because it increases their profits. colors or scents, tougher other options for non-food GM include new vancty of nowers with different another grasses for lawns, and plants designed to soak up pollutants from the soil. The paper industry provides is and a example of potential for GM to help produce better and cheaper products. Paper is made from pulp, and pulp generally made from trees. Researchers in New Zealand and Chile have been working on insect-resistant pines, Japanese firm has combined carrot genes with tree genes to make them
• Mạcc Anhh: Bé's Ngốc'ss: â 9/26/2016 11:54:45 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:45 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:45 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:45 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:46 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:46 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:46 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:46 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:46 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:46 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:47 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:47 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:47 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:47 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:48 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:48 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:48 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:48 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:48 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:49 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:49 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:49 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:49 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:50 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:50 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:50 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:50 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:50 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:51 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:51 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:51 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: â 9/26/2016 11:54:51 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:51 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: â 9/26/2016 11:54:52 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:52 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:52 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:53 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:53 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: â 9/26/2016 11:54:53 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: â 9/26/2016 11:54:54 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:54 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:54 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:54 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:54 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:55 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:55 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:55 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:55 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:56 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:56 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:56 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:56 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: a 9/26/2016 11:54:57 PM ๖ۣۜღBossღ๖ۣۜ๖ۣۜ: wave 9/26/2016 11:55:43 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: mà 9/26/2016 11:56:19 PM Bé's Ngốc'ss: ông lấy lại đk nik òi à 9/26/2016 11:56:26 PM .: laughing 9/26/2016 11:58:18 PM Mạcc Anhh: good morning, everybody big_grin : )) 9/27/2016 12:13:10 AM Mạcc Anhh: Galaxies are not evenly distributed throughout the universe. A few are found alone, but almost all are grouped in formations termed galactic clusters. These formations should not be confused with stellar clusters, globular clusters of stars that exist within a galaxy. The size of galactic clusters varies enormously, with some clusters containing only a dozen or so members and others containing as many as 10,000. Moreover, galactic clusters themselves are part of larger clusters of clusters, termed superclusters. It is surmised that even clusters of superclusters are possible. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, is part of a galactic cluster called the Local Group, which has twenty members and is typic
• zzz02042001: 9/27/2016 8:20:52 AM
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